Origin of the Industrial Ergonomics – History The Ergonomics is a relatively modern science, whose origin applied to the field labor and industrial one goes back to 1949 when Murrel in England, created the term ” ergonoma” , coined by the Greek roots ergon: work and nomos: law, rules. > offer similar insights. With this denomination knowledge were grouped psychological, technical, physiological, industrial and military, tending medical, to the study of the man in their labor atmosphere. Definition of Industrial ergonomics In particular, the ergonomics is a scientific discipline or engineering of the human factors, of multidisciplinary character, centered in the system person machine, whose objective consists of the adaptation of the atmosphere or conditions of work to the person with the purpose of to secure to the best possible harmony between the optimal conditions of comfort and the productive effectiveness. Objectives of the Industrial Ergonomics The definition previous, it indicates the object basic of the ergonomics: The adaptation of the objects, means of work and surroundings produced by the human beings to the person with the purpose of to obtain the harmonization between the functional effectiveness and the human well-being (health, security, satisfaction). Basic principles of Industrial ergonomics 1.
– The machine is conceived like an element to the service of the person, susceptible to be modified and perfected. 2. – The person forms the base of calculation of the system person-machine and based on this machine she will have to be designed, in order to allow him to carry out the free work of all physical, sensorial or psychological fatigue. The following points are between the general missions of the ergonomics: reduction of injuries and occupational diseases. diminution of the costs by incapacity of the workers. increase of the production.
improvement of the quality of the work. diminution of the absenteeism. application of the existing norms. diminution of the loss of raw material. The methods by which the objectives are obtained are: Appreciation of the risks in the job. identification and quantification of the conditions of risk in the job. recommendation of engineering controls and office staff to diminish the identified conditions of risks. education of the supervisors and workers about the conditions of risk. For the profit of the objectives of the ergonomics one needs, besides engineering, of the contest of other sciences or biological techniques (Medicine of the Work, Industrial Psychology, Anthropometry, Physiology, Biomechanics, Hygiene of the Work, Ecology, Economy ) that allow the multidisciplinary treatment of the problem.