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Diesel

To date, there are many types of diesel engines. And that's good for one, it is absolutely not acceptable for another. Therefore, we decided to give the most basic tips that are universal for any type of diesel engine: 1) Do not bring the balance of diesel in the tank to "zero". (Maybe "airing" the fuel system and damage the fuel system.) 2) If possible, fill the high-quality fuel. Remember that the presence of filling the store with the hot cakes, not a guarantee of quality fuel.

3) in a timely manner to change the air filter, especially on the engine with turbocharger. Plume of black smoke trailing behind the car said that the fuel burn properly. In the combustion chamber or an excess of fuel or lack of air. Taking into account the operation of the diesel engine in Moscow – and Moscow – is the dust and sand in the spring and summer of poplar fluff – to change the air filter, along with oil change, but not less than 10.000 km. And in the summer – the replacement must be done more frequently than in winter. Do not be lazy once again open the air filter box and check its status. Untimely replacement filter – it came out of turbocharger failure and mass airflow sensor (meter).

4) timely change oil and oil filter. We recommend 7 – 8.000 km. Taking into account the operation of the diesel engine in Moscow – and Moscow – a tube, it is difficult operating conditions.

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Turbo Chargers

Little about the concept turbo compressor, its forms and the mode of action. The concept of the turbocharger has a number of synonyms and names of just a philistine such as turbines, turbo, supercharger, turbocharger, etc. Turbocharger – a single unit forcibly feed air is compressed in a few atmospheres in the engine cylinders, improving the quality of the working mixture. One part of the turbocharger is connected to the exhaust system and engine driven energy of the engine exhaust, the other part – from the inlet. Turbocharger consists of the following major parts: turbine housing (cast iron), bearing housings (cast iron), the compressor housing, a rotor on one axis of which are turbine wheel and compressor wheel. Using the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas turbine wheel drives the rotor and the rotor – the wheel of the compressor, which sucks in air and delivers it to the engine cylinders. The more intense the torque, the faster the rotor rotates, the greater the amount of air fed into the cylinders.

Rotor speed can reach up to 300,000 revolutions per minute, this is 5000 revolutions per second. This suggests that turbine is subjected to high loads and shall be manufactured under special high-precision equipment using the most modern technologies and materials. Turbine – a broader concept than turbocharger, though often they are identified. The turbines are of several types and differ in the way of bringing into action. From exhaust gases – a turbocharger, by mechanical (belt) drive – turbocharger, etc.

The most widely used in the automotive industry received a turbocharger because of the simplicity of design and performance. This improves the engine power to 20-35%, the engine has a higher torque at medium and high revs, which makes the car more dynamic and cost effective motion. It should be noted that the turbocharger in 80% of cases is not cause and consequence of engine failure and its systems as well as his job depends on the serviceability of the oil system, air systems, gas distribution systems, fuel system. In case of failure of one of these systems of internal combustion engines turbine can not work or even fail, with the attendant consequences. We urge motorists and professionals to pay attention to the systematic maintenance of your car, on the purchase only high quality oil and filter elements, the quality of automotive service. Make prevention your own car, to diagnose a suspected problem or when replacing the oil. and Remember, self-respecting car enthusiast and the more professional arrives in a service at the next then with his progress!

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Low Sensors

The resulting information is delivered to the display. Modern internal sensors can detect even small changes in any of the four tires. Moreover, they are sensitive to temperature changes, since the friction between tire and road surface heats up the tire and thus increases the pressure. To transfer information from wheels on the display is used rf channel, or electromagnetic waves. How to choose the pressure sensors? First, pressure and temperature sensors in the tires must continually monitor the slightest changes in pressure and temperature, regardless of vehicle speed. Second, the data should instantly appear in the display. Thirdly, the power supply of sensors should be safe as conventional lithium batteries tend to explode at high temperatures.

And, finally, display the sensor should be two-tone, as by law electronics can not be notified of the danger in the same color, which is used for normal reading. Caution should be bright and glaring. Now some statistics! Did you know that – Low tire pressure increases the carbon dioxide emissions by 40%, which significantly impairs the ecological environment? – Low tire pressure increases fuel costs and the use of pressure sensors reduces them to 4%? In the U.S., the introduction of sensors allowed to reduce the cost of petrol by 10%, that is, at $ 674 a year on average .- Low pressure tire reduces its life by 50%? The eu has estimated that to date, low tire pressure led to the premature wear of 200 million tires, fuel expenditure by 20 million liters, and emissions into the atmosphere 2 million tons of carbon dioxide .- In the U.S. alone each year 250,000 accidents occur, the cause of which is violation of the tire pressure? – Almost 75% of the slopes of tires you can anticipate, as it is preceded by a slight decrease in pressure? – The Eye impossible to determine that the tire deflated, even if the pressure is halved? – Mounting pressure sensors on all vehicles will be able to prevent at least 79 deaths and 10,365 injuries a year?

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Lugansk

True, the water etoprimitiv compared with the following method, which I told the employee vdannoy industry with the experience. Fuel truck, filled to the bar blends dry, and on counter goes shortage liters 50-80. Is this possible? Course possible. Particularly clever and greedy drivers attach to an inconspicuous place in the barrel of some inflatable object such as a large ball, well adalshe, I think, need not be explained. Tank filled to capacity, and the rest – not their problem. In general, gas stations, usually petrol comes already in the fuel truck. The fact that in Ukraine there are only neskolkodesyatkov refineries and suppliers of oil – more.

Honest – units, mostly vseeti countless Ltd operate on two principles. First – buy 76-ybenzin, increase the octane number additives and sell it as the 95 th. Second, make a frame in the pipeline, they buy oborudovaniepodeshevle refinery, and drive gasoline or diesel fuel alone. The quality of natural speech is not. In Lugansk region is a small village, where, according to a fuel tanker driver, works in hangar a machine that surpasses the oil in diesel fuel. fabulous! Dark, muddy, thick, with lots of melkihvkrapleny, not to mention the large big flakes of oil. Kachestvobenzina too, are different – from good to ugly. For example, in the small town of Lugansk region often had to 92nd cloudy, with a vigorous knocking resonant smell, and most importantly, that if you omit this petrol a libopredmet, then, being lessons, he immediately covered with a white film.

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The Most Popular Car In Europe

Europeans know a lot about cars. And in manufacturing, and in using them. Increasingly in Europe cars are so-called Golf class. The ancestor of this category of vehicles – Volkswagen Golf, jumped higher, to the next class – the middle class. Accordingly, the pros and cons of this car, "weight" category, we denote two completely different models, which, however, belong to the same segment: Skoda Octavia – a car, originally defined for poor middle-class citizens of the former socialist countries, and the "Peugeot 308" – vehicles for pampered representatives of the French bourgeoisie.

Dimensions Economical auto imply its small mass. That in any case affect the size. Again, daily use of CD-kara (the so-called Golf class in the United States of America), which compares favorably the smallest size of the full-size cars, gives a significant advantage over time. For example, to get to work on a weekday in a small, agile of early jams is much easier. But Skoda Octavia and the Skoda Fabia – car still family. From this it follows that, despite the small size, location and back, and in the baggage compartment must be quite a lot. Efficiency and capacity of a logical requirement that makes the master to his own "iron horse", is considered to be economical.

Indeed: if you operate the machine continuously, in this case is preferable, when wasting fuel, it will be less. And Skoda, Peugeot and always ready to meet the desires of their customers. What kind of car is the most zealous customers will want to buy? Skoda Octavia can be purchased with a petrol engine volume 1.4 liters, the smallest in terms of engine "Peugeot 308" – 1.6 cubic decimeter. The most economical Skoda spends a hundred miles only 6.6 liters of gasoline, and Peugeot – 7.7 liters. But those who want the car "hotter", and Skoda, Peugeot and are always ready to offer a more sporting set. But Yet, initially the vehicles small family car class is not designed for sports tracks. Suppose you do not overtake at a traffic light sports car, but the money and the service and prokorm "of your vehicle will spend a little bit. Functionality in the first place, main purpose vehicle class golf – it is their utility. Skoda Octavia "and" Peugeot 308 "- two completely different vehicles. However, their belonging to a small secondary class – a modest familial machine, as they represent velikobritantsy, reconciles their respective owners. Accordingly, the purpose of specific data models Skoda and Peugeot same – to be a reliable car for not very large family: day, month after month, year reliably serve their own masters. This continuous commitment to service connects such seemingly different means of transportation. And the Czechs and the French, and Russian – cars this class family are: the Skoda Octavia and the "Peugeot 308" equally regularly serve as a means of transportation to and from work, to give the weekend. Thus, the representative of the C-Class – a functional car for daily use.

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Security Requirements

It is necessary to comply with some simple but important security requirements. In principle, they are common to any vehicle, but repetition as they say Practice makes perfect, and remember that compliance with safety regulations must first of all for you: – Carefully read the manual operation of the engine before the start of its operation. – Before Begin to examine the engine, make sure it is good condition and only then proceed to run it. To facilitate the launch at low temperatures is forbidden to use an open flame to heat pipes and oil sump. – Fueling and oil production by pumping facility, equipped with fine filters. – Daily check the condition of pipes and joints. Prevent leakage of fuel and oil.

In a timely manner to clean and wipe all of the engine. – During start-up and operation of the engine to prevent unauthorized persons. – During the launch, operation and after stopping the engine is prohibited to stop the impeller fan by any means at hand. – Do not grease, not to regulate, and not wiping running engine. – When performing maintenance, inspection and repair, use low voltage lighting up to 36V. – Do not preheat the engine in enclosed spaces with poor ventilation to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.

– When performing maintenance only use defective power tool its purpose. – In case of overheating engine oil filler cap in the cooling system to open a fist, being careful, because can occur ejection of hot water and steam. – Avoid the possibility of burns in discharge of oil. Remember that burns oil are chemical in nature. – Remember that the ethylene glycol fluid and ‘Antifreeze’ poisonous if swallowed. – When extinguishing inflamed spilled fuel use extinguishers, sand to fill the flame, cover asbestos blanket, felt or tarpaulin. Do not fill up the flames with water. – In carrying out electric welding on the car directly in order to prevent failure of the relay controller must disable switch “mass” and disconnect the wire from terminal “+” generator. Wire mass welder must be connected in close proximity to the weld. -To repair Use only original parts it would significantly increase the life of a kontafakt often simply dangerous. Good luck to you in a renovation!

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Specialized Enterprise

Most motorists now face the problem of storage of tires and wheels in the transition to summer / winter tires. In this case all season tires require special conditions for preservation and storage. gost 24779-81 and gost 4754-97. Proper storage of tires: Vertically suspended in a pile correct wrong wrong Proper storage of wheel assemblies: Vertically suspended in a pile wrong correct correct That's what everyone should know motorist: Tires and wheels is recommended to store in an enclosed separate dry place, protected from sunlight, ozone, organic solvents, mineral oils, lubricants, oils, acids, alkalis, and they should not come into contact with copper, and other corrosives; Do not store the tires at a distance closer than 1m away from heating appliances; When storing tires allowed temperature variation air from -30 to +35 C (most major manufacturers of tires recommended optimum storage temperature of +5 C) and relative humidity of 50 to 80%; Do not ventilate the room, which holds the tire and wheel assembly during a storm and within 2.5 – 3 hours after it because of the sharp increase of ozone in the air; Tyres without disks is recommended to store in an upright position and rotate every 3-4 weeks to avoid deformation; Wheel assembly is recommended to store in the stack. Air pressure in tires during storage it is recommended to reduce to half of the normative.